Poland as a New Military Power in Europe: A Bulwark against Russia and a New Strategic Leadership Role in the EU

PeopleOther ♦ Published: February 2, 2025; 23:36 ♦ (Vindobona)

In recent years, Poland has developed into one of Europe's most important defense powers. Given the ongoing threat from Russia, Warsaw is focusing on a massive rearmament, stronger military cooperation with allies, and an active role in European security policy. By assuming the EU Council Presidency in January 2025, Poland will also have the opportunity to anchor its security policy priorities at the European level and set a new security policy course.

Poland has become a key defense power in Europe, increasing defense spending to 5% of GDP due to Russia's threat. In 2024, Poland invested 4.1% of GDP in defense, exceeding NATO's 2% target. / Picture: © Wikimedia Commons; Stiopa, CC BY-SA 4.0 International DEED (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en)

Just a few years ago, Poland was considered a mediocre military power within NATO. This has changed fundamentally. Since the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014 in violation of international law and especially since the large-scale attack on Ukraine in February 2022, Poland has greatly expanded its armed forces. The number of soldiers has increased by almost 75 percent from 2015 to…